The Earth Sciences group develops researches that are mainly focussed on the transfer of magmatic fluids from the Earth’s Mantle to Atmosphere, the geochemistry of primary melts and the trace element geochemistry. Transfer of magmatic fluids Water, carbon dioxide, sulphur and halogens are the most abundant volatile constituents dissolved in magmas. The dynamics of magmatic and eruptive processes are determined by the ability of these volatile components to exsolve from the melt and to concentrate into a separate, expanding gas phase even though their original amount does not exceed a few per cent by weight of magma. Our main goals are 1. Modelling the magma degassing processes, 2. Estimating the volcanic degassing budgets, 3. Assessing the role of the volatile constituents (particularly water) on the partitioning of trace and minor elements between silicate melt and vapour. In order to do that we combine different approaches including:  The geochemistry of gas emissions at active volcanoes  The volatile behaviour in magma prior to eruption, through the crystal-hosted melt inclusions study  The experimental studies of element partitioning between silicate melt and vapour, using Diamond Avil Cells Geochemistry of primary melts This topic is based on olivine-hosted melt inclusion and bulk lava studies from different geodynamic contexts, in order to track the variability of the magma geochemistry in response to the mantle melting conditions. Trace element geochemistry This research theme deals with the properties of the hygromagmaphile elements. These elements were broadly analysed, using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA), in numerous lava samples collected from Mid-Ocean Ridges, Ocean Island arcs, Subduction zones around the world. This led to identify the main Earth’s mantle domains. The Earth Group Sciences has a Research Convention with the “Institut de Physique du Globe” (Paris) and had long-term collaborations with numerous teams and institutions around the world particularly: The Universities of Pisa and Catania (Italy) The National Institut of Geophysics and Volcanology (Catane, Pise et Naples; Italy) Cambridge University, Volcanology Group (UK) The Ruhr-Universität, Bochum (Germany) It is also involved in different national or international research programs amongst which EUROMELTS, EGIDE-PROCOPE, Italian INGV programs on volcanic risks ; French CNRS-INSU-programs.