Hybrid Quantum Systems

We develop hybrid quantum devices that combine spins in solids with superconducting quantum circuits, with applications in quantum sensing and quantum computing.

Superconducting quantum circuits are exceptional microwave detectors. Josephson Parametric Amplifiers amplify linearly small microwave fields with minimal added noise. Josephson quantum bits form the basis of operational Single-Photon Microwave Detectors (SMPDs) able to detect incoherent fluorescence signals. In our research, we use superconducting resonators [1], amplifiers [2] and SMPDs [3] to perform ultra-sensitive electron spin resonance spectroscopy at millikelvin temperatures, down to the single-spin level [4-6].

Spin coherence times can reach seconds in ultra-clean crystals [6], which makes them interesting for quantum computing. We are developing a spin-based quantum memory for superconducting qubits [8,9]. We are also developing a novel quantum computing architecture based on individual spins in solids interfaced by superconducting circuits.

[1] Controlling Spin Relaxation with a Cavity A. Bienfait, J.J. Pla, Y. Kubo, X. Zhou, M. Stern, C.C Lo, C.D. Weis, T. Schenkel, D. Vion, D. Esteve, J.J.L. Morton, and P. Bertet, Nature 531, 74 (2016)

[2] Reaching the quantum limit of sensitivity in electron spin resonance A. Bienfait, J. J. Pla, Y. Kubo, M. Stern, X. Zhou, C. C. Lo, C. D. Weis, T. Schenkel, M.L.W. Thewalt, D. Vion, D. Esteve, B. Julsgaard, K. Moelmer, J.J.L. Morton, P. Bertet, Nature Nanotechnology 11, 253 (2016)

[3] Irreversible Qubit-Photon Coupling for the Detection of Itinerant Microwave Photons, R. Lescanne, S. Deléglise, E.  Albertinale, U. Réglade, T. Capelle, E. Ivanov, T. Jacqmin, Z. Leghtas, and E. Flurin, Physical Review X, 10, 021038 (2020)

[4] Electron spin resonance spectroscopy with femtoliter detection volume, V. Ranjan, S. Probst, B. Albanese, T. Schenkel, D. Vion, D. Esteve, J. J. L. Morton, and P. Bertet, Appl. Phys. Lett. 116, 184002 (2020)

[5] Detecting spins with a microwave photon counter, Emanuele Albertinale, Léo Balembois, Eric Billaud, Vishal Ranjan, Daniel Flanigan, Thomas Schenkel, Daniel Estève, Denis Vion, Patrice Bertet, Emmanuel Flurin, Nature 600, 434 (2021)

[6] Wang, Z., Balembois, L., Rančić, M. et al. Single-electron spin resonance detection by microwave photon counting. Nature 619, 276–281 (2023)

[7] Twenty-three millisecond electron spin coherence of erbium ions in a natural-abundance crystal, Marianne Le Dantec, Miloš Rančić, Sen Lin, Eric Billaud, Vishal Ranjan, Daniel Flanigan, Sylvain Bertaina, Thierry Chanelière, Philippe Goldner, Andreas Erb, Ren Bao Liu, Daniel Estève, Denis Vion, Emmanuel Flurin, Patrice Bertet, Science Advances 7, eabj9786 (2021)

[8] Quantum Memory for Microwave Photons in an Inhomogeneously Broadened Spin Ensemble, B. Julsgaard, C. Grezes, P. Bertet, K. Moelmer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 250503 (2013)

[9] Multimode storage of quantum microwave fields in electron spins over 100 ms, V. Ranjan, J. O'Sullivan, E. Albertinale, B. Albanese, T. Chanelière, T. Schenkel, D. Vion, D. Esteve, E. Flurin, J. J. L. Morton, P. Bertet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 210505 (2020)

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