1Equipe Lasers, Instrumentation Optique et Applications (LIOA), CIMAP / ENSICAEN, 6 BLVD Maréchal Juin, 14050  Caen  cedex, 2 iXFiber,  rue Paul Sabatier,  22300  Lannion  3 Laboratoire CI-NAPS, Centre CYCERON, Boulevard Becquerel, 14052 Caen cedex

A. Cassimi, D. Hennecart, J. Rangama, T. Been,  D. Lelièvre, J.-M. Ramillon,  -  CIMAP, CEA-CNRS, Caen,T. Muranaka CEA-IRFU SaclayA. Leredde, X. Fléchard, LPCH. Shiromaru, J. Matsumoto,  K.-I. Hayakawa Tokyo Metropolitan University By exploring matter with energetics ions, the charge distribution between the ionic fragments, informs us about the nature of atomic bonds.

A major development to improve high power laser chains,  is to achieve both higher yields and better tunability. For future high power lasers that operates by diode-pumping at high rate, several materials likely to meet this double requirement (single crystals, glass and ceramics doped) are studied.

The SNOM (Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy) allows to reach a spatial resolution well below the wavelength of the light used. Indeed, thanks to the "near-field" illumination (when the distance between the object and the source is much less than the wavelength) it becomes possible to avoid the diffraction inherent to every optical system.