Surface Electroinitiated Emulsion Polymerization :
Electrografting of vinylic polymers onto conducting surfaces has historically been achieved via the direct electron transfer from the cathode to the electro-active monomers in solution. The resulting radical-anion, together with the anions that allow the propagation of the growing grafted polymer chains, are highly sensitive to proton sources. The "classical" cathodic electrografting process thus requires strictly anhydrous conditions.